Waterproof fabric.



w. o. soriuARu, 1R.

WATERPROOF FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. t. 1916.

Patente't Dot. 9,1917.

^ ED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.'

WILLIAM o. s'roDDAED,

FREDERIC E. KIP, 0E MoNrcLAIE,

Jn., oir-MADISON, NEW JERSEY, AssIeNoa 0I" ONE-HALE '.ro

NEW JERSEY.

WATERPROOF FABRIC.

Prior to my invention,-so far as I amaware, one of the materials used for vehicle cano ies or tops has consisted of two textile fabrics cemented together by a rubber cement. Such cement, however, deteriorates in a comparatively short time,l ultimately disintegrates or ycrumbles and so loses its value both as a cement and as a water-proofing substance.` Because of this characteristic of rubber cement the life of the material, when so made, is comparatively short. When such cement disintegrates the canoply or top leaks, and as the cement dries out t e canopy material becomes hard and 1s broken by'reason of the constant folding to which it is subjected. To remedy the defects incident to the use of rubber cement, particularly in its application to fabrics employed in the manufacturelof vehicle tops, I have made an adhesive and water-proofing composition which composition is used in the manufacture of the material which forms' e5 the subject of the present` application.

rlhe adhesive and water-proofing com o sition used by me contains as its essentia f 1ngredients a nitro cellulose solution and a non-drying vegetable oil such as blown castor oil or blownA rape-seed oil preferably the former. Nitrated cotton is dissolved in any suitable solvent, preferably amylacetate, and v the oil added to the solution and the mixture stirred by any suitable means, at normal temperature, until the mass is homogeneous. The proportions of nitrated cotton and oil may be varied to suit the particular fabric or use to which it is to be put. In practice Iv have used compositions containing one pound of nitrate cotton in solution to two and also three pounds of the preferred oil.

The cementing and water-proofing composition may be applied tothe fabrics in various ways. In practice Ifhavespread the composition on one fabric in quantity sum- Specification of Letters Patent. Application mea septemberi, 191e. serial N. 118,012.

Patented oct. e, 1917,'.

cient for the purpose, and then laid the second fabric thereon, as the two pass between rolls of a calendering mach'ne, sufficient pressure being applied to d e the com osition into the texture of both fabrics, ut not sufficient to drive it through them. In such method the two fabrics should be brought together before the composition has had time to set or become dry.

'Another practice followed by me is to first spread upon both of the fabrics ,to be cemented 'together' a composition containing substantlally one part of cotton in solution to two parts of the preferred oil. The fab-y rios thus coated are air-dried for approxi.- mately two to three hours, or until the coatings have become skin dried. I'fthen spread over one of the fabrics socoated a second composition containing substantially one pound of cotton in lsolution to three pounds of the preferred oil and lay thereon the other fabric, which has had an initial coat, sufficient pressure being applied to secure the desired result.

The blown vegetable oil used by me, and that which I prefer, is prepared by taking commercial raw castor oil having a specific gravity of about .9639 and, by the wellknown method of blowing, reducing it so that its specific gravity will be in the neighborhood of 1.0294 to 1.0325, at a temperature of about 60o F. Blown rape seed oil, however,. may bev used.

In the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a si'de elevation and Fig. 2 is a vdiagrammatic View of the complete fabric,

It have shown an apparatus which may be used for practising both of the methods above referred to. In this drawing the numeral 1 designates a suitable frame at one end of which is supported a roller 2 driven by any suitable' means. At its other end, the frame supports a roller 3 driven by a belt 4 from the roller 2, or by means of gear and shaft from roller 2 to roller 3. Mounted abovethe roller 2 in blocks 5, slidable in standards 6, is a doctor blade .7. This blade maybe vadjusted angularly relatively to the roller 2 b a set screw. 8. One of the component fa rics 9 ofthe nished product is run, from a roll '10 over theroller 2 and as' it passes under the doctor blade is coated vwith the described composition which collectsin front of the blade in a mass, which I mass is prevented from falling over the ends` lio,"

2, the fabric 9v shields 11. From the roller passes between calender rolls 12 and 13, which rolls are supported in bearings mounted in guideways in standards 1d. The roll l2 may be adjusted vertically by gears 15, the lower of which is on a threaded shaft, as shown. The roll 12 may be heated in the' usual manner. The bearings of roll 13A are supported upon springs 16. As the fabric 9 enters the bight of the rolls 12 and 13 it meets the other component fabric 17 delivered from a roll 18. As the two fabrics pass between the rolls 12 and 13, they are subjected to the pressure to which the rolls may be adjusted.` The roll of fabric 10 is held under proper tension by a spring brake band, 19, and the roll 18 by a Weight 20. From the calender rolls, the cemented productis carried over supports 21 around the roller 3 and guide roll 22 to a take-up roll 23.

To assist in drying the cement, if necessary or desired, the cemented fabric after passing between the calender rolls may be passed over a steam coil 2t.

The method preferred by ,me is to give each of the fabrics 9 and 17 a preliminary coat of the cementing and waterroofing composition then, after being skin dried, to apply a nal coat on one of the fabrics, as 9. The solvent in the nal coat is suficient to unite or weld the two skin dried of roller 2 yby coats. The heat of the calender assistsfthis protect/ed from' the union but the solvent in the final coat is the main agent to e'ect such result. ln the preferred method the final coat contains a reater percentage of oil than the first or skin dried coats so that when the nitro cellulose solution hardens, the non-drying oil in the nal coat is sealed between two layers of nitrated cotton. This feature of from the reducing is thus edects 'llhe im.

air "ll regard as of importance in a commercial article, as the oi disintegratingl f varying atmospheric conditions. finished productie soft and pliable,

vsigned my name yin renacer ff desired the finished product may be.

subjected to the usual baking heat employed in the manufacture of patent leather, this being from about 150 F. to 180 F. Such baking assists somewhat in hastening the drying of the nitro cellulose solution and the amalgamation of the composition with the fabrics.

What lf claim and desire to secure by llietters Patent of the United States is .1. An article of manufacture comprising two textile' fabrics united by a non-drying water-proof adhesive containing a blown vegetable oil. i

2. An article of manufacture comprising two textile fabrics united by an adhesive `,containing nitro cellulose and a blown nondryin oil. 3. gli

article of manufacture comprising two textile fabrics united by an adhesive.

containing nitro cellulose and a blown vegetable oil.

4. An article of manufacture comprising two textile fabrics colntaining nitro cellulose and blown castor oi ln ltestimony whereof "ll have hereunto the presence of two sub1 scribing witnesses.

wniman o. sronnann, n.

Witnesses:

D. A. Dams Cuartas S. `.lbNna united by an adhesive teA 

